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Social Organisation-
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They
are bound together by strong, caste feelings and settle disputes at meetings.
If the disputants do not agree to abide by the decisions of the caste council,
they are referred to the religious teacher and is enforced on pain of
loss-of-caste.
Each kuri, hamlet or a tanda (caravan) has a chief or a leader with the
designation of Naik ( a Telugu word meaning lord or master.) The office of the
Naik was partly hereditory and choice also depended on the ability. The Naik had
authority to decide all disputes in the community and the only appeal from; led
to the representative of Bhángi and Jhángi Naiks families at Narsi and Poona
and to Bhurtia Naiks successor in the Telugu country. The Naik received two
shares if participated in robbery or crime and fees on remarriage of a widow,
out side her family and on the discovery of a witch.
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The
Banjara had a
particular breed of dogs and with which they were accustomed to hunt wild
pigs, on foot carrying spears, when the pig was killed the head was cut and
presented to the Naik or Head man, and if a man was injured or gored by the
pig in the hunt, the Naik kept and fed the man without charge until he
recovered. In the police report, Dr. Shorts has stated that their social
system is unique and they are exclusively guided by their own laws and
customs, each community is governed by a priest, who exacts receives
implicit obedience and under the cloak of religion and super natural agency
the undisputed power of life and death over them. They maintain close
secrecy regarding their customs and some forfeit life than divulge them.
They are punished for breaches of caste rules by rebuke, fine and
loss-of-caste. The Naik acted as an arbitrator in the caste disputes. He
also used to direct the movements of caravan while travelling. If the old
family has no suitable representative for being elected a Naik, a fresh man
of some good and rich family is choosen. On election he is presented with a
turban and the clothes, as a token of allegiance. At every council meeting
the Naik is the president with ten or twelve members who must be adult
males, witnesses come in regular order and give their regular witness one
after another. The council never adjourns, but rises only after giving a
decision even if it is at the sacrifice of their regular work. They send
their children to schools.
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Nasik
:(Maharashtra)Caste
disputes were settled by a meeting of resepctive members under the
presidentship of the chief member of Sanap Raghuji Chandrarao's family. If
the accused is found guilty and is not able to pay the fine, he is made to
stand before the caste meeting and crave pardon with his sandles on his
head.
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